Harvest House Through The Cce Program - 866 Words

The organization that I volunteered for was Harvest House through the CCE program. â€Å"Harvest House is an intensive rehabilitative program which provides a variety of integrated and varied life skills training for its member† (Orgsync). Harvest house is a place for both men and women with severe and chronic mental illness are able to gain community support and participate in services that focus on facilitating appropriate socialization, adaptive coping skills, improving self-confidence, and learning how to live with their mental disability. The particular activity that I participated in was receiving donated clothes from designated areas and bringing the clothes to the men and women at the Harvest House. The individuals who participate are living in severe poverty; some receiving as little as $50 a month from the Harvest House organization and having no other income. Harvest House works with both its members and professional staff who provide food to the members and set up meetings for them to interact with each other. The donated clothing that we brought to them is very helpful because it can provide things such as a winter coat, a scarf, a warm hat, or many other articles of clothing that these people would not normally be able to afford. †¢ It was interesting for me to volunteer for this organization because I was able to see how difficult life can be for people who have mental disabilities. †¢ The individuals at this organization varied greatly in the severity of their

Violent Video Games Are Numbing the Minds of Children Essays

Violent video games are undoubtedly a legalized drug to children and teens, numbing their thoughts and reprogramming their minds. Like a drug, it desensitizes them, and makes them more prone to violence. This idea of violent video games was not a phenomenon until the later 20th century, and evolved from racing into enemies, to free-for-all drug abuse and sexual/physical violence that most youth know and play today. These games have a detrimental impact on teens, making them eat more, become more aggressive, and wash away their morality. Although some may try to argue with reality, countering that its helps them socially, similar to the idea of teens taking drugs, violent video games reduce their overall health and need to be taken care†¦show more content†¦With todays market, if someone were to walk into any game store across the country, they would realize that any child with parental approval can attain these games, making it virtually easy for anyone of any age to play vi olent games. If we combine the 2009 study as well as this jaw-dropping statistic, we can easily see that most kids will grow up more violent than the previous generation, making today’s world full of danger and crime. Moreover, we can also see how indirectly, violent video games can cause teens to become more aggressive. According to a study conducted by Brad Bushman on violent video games, kids who played violent video games and were offered MM candy to eat while playing ate almost three times as much candy compared to kids who played non-violent video games under the same circumstances. Not only does this show the physical health effects of these games, but by processing this information, one can see that it shows a foundational fact that kids show less restraint overall when playing violent video games, whether in candy or violence. To conclude this study further, Bushman measured direct aggression through having teens in both criteria play a game where they would blast so meone else through noises with different volumes and lengths. The results showed that violent video gamers blasted their â€Å"partner† with louder andShow MoreRelatedVideo Game Violence: Therapeutic Outlet or Perpetuating Violence?1418 Words   |  6 PagesThe video game world is full of wonders, fantasy worlds, and even real life scenarios that we see on television. There are games based off of television shows, popular movies, and even comic book universes. In David Perry’s speech and presentation, â€Å"Are Video Games Better Than Life?† he brought up a lot of points about gaming both from its humble beginnings to where we are today. However, he made it clear that the discussion was to be about the video game world. Are video games better than realityRead More Videogames Dont Have a Negative Effect on Kids Essay example1229 Words   |  5 Pagesthe children. One that many people overlook is video games, a national past time in almost every home. It is clear that they can cause changes in children, but are the changes good or bad? Do video games have a negative effect on kids? Personally, I felt there was nothing wrong with video games. I play them for fourteen hours or more a week, and I’ve been doing â€Å"fine† in life. I made it to a fine college, I learned unique words when I was young, and I even won prizes in some video game contestsRead MoreKilling Their Innocence671 Words   |  3 PagesKilling Their Innocence So here I was, watching a couple of kids, a brother (9) and a sister (11), during the Super Bowl this year while their parents were downstairs watching the game. We were playing the board game â€Å"LIFE†. All was going well, and then the brother (we’ll call him Sam) got bored as kids do. So Sam pulled out his iPhone and started looking for an app to appease his boredom. Before I knew it, Sam opened a gun app. This application allows the user to select any type of gun, rangingRead MoreAn Aggressive Action As Intentional Behavior994 Words   |  4 Pagesbecome part of our day-to-day lives. But what are the causes to this increase of human aggression? Why are humans becoming more numb to others pain and insensitive to their feelings? It’s chilling to see how the world around us can affect our state of mind. Many scholars have debated on whether aggression is due to biology or our environment. Tomas Hobbes for example, stated in 1651 that in our natural state, we are brutes and are prone to enforcing the law. He believed humans have a natural instinctRead More Video Game Violence Essay examples2549 Words   |  11 Pagesâ€Å"Video Game Violence Does Not Cause Violent Tendencies† An In-Depth Look at Video Game Violence and its Positives Effects â€Å"On Tuesday, November 2, while the rest of the country was voting, the Supreme Court of the United States heard oral arguments in Schwarzenegger v. EMA, the landmark case in which the state of California is petitioning for the re-instatement of a California law banning the sale of deviant or morbid violent video games to minors† (Macris). This case is a current example of theRead MoreDota Addiction Effects in Academic Performance2977 Words   |  12 Pagesproperly, there’s always a negative effect that occurs. It can be in our thoughts, behaviors, actions, and or in other ways.      Computer games are slowly arousing and it is one of the things that bring the negative effect. Many people are playing and having so much fun with this that can be a form of entertainment. DOTA is one of the examples of computer games. And this is where our topic began to star.     DOTA means Defense of the Ancients. It is commonly the word that we can hear on most peopleRead MoreMasculinity As A Mental Self Destructive Tool2178 Words   |  9 Pagesmedia exhibit manhood. According to the film, â€Å"The average of boy’s media consumption ranges from 57 hours per week† (The Mask You Live In; 2015) This means they spend 40hrs watching television, ranging from cartoons to action movies, 15hrs playing video games, and 2hrs watching porn. There are five types of masculinity demonstrated in the media. Firstly, the mysterious form of masculinity is an emotionless, always composed character. His disciplined composure is portrayed as strong because he does notRead MoreMedia Violence9754 Words   |  40 PagesChildren are among the greatest of imitatorsÂ… The debate over media violence has eluded definitive answers for more then three decades. At first glance, the debate is dominated by one question. Whether or not media violence causes real life violence and whether or not it has a negative effect of the modern day Canadian family. Closer examination reveals a political battle. On one hand, there are those who blame media violence for societal violence and want to censor violent content to protectRead MoreInternet Addiction: Government Policy or Personal Responsibility?4485 Words   |  18 Pagesrestricting software; and other measures. However, the U.S. has yet to properly address this growing but silent disease. The implications of disease are seen with stories of individuals losing their jobs due to not being able to walk away from video games, constantly checking one’s Facebook page, acting out violently when a parent tells a child no more, increased level of stress or creating second lives online when they are becoming derelicts in their â€Å"real† lives. The stories are abundant, yet asRead More Reading and Censorship of the Harry Potter Novels Essay5573 Words   |  23 PagesReading and Censorship of the Harry Potter Novels J. K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series, which have reached worldwide popularity have an effect on children has not been matched by any other book. The novels have encouraged children to read for entertainment instead of turning to television or video games. When a piece of literature inspires children as the Harry Potter novels do, limiting a child’s access to the novels seems ridiculous. Unfortunately, this is what is happening with Harry Potter

Global Economic Geography Spatial Organization

Question: Describe about the Global Economic Geography for Spatial Organization. Answer: Introduction The study of the location, spatial organization and allocation of economics activities across the world is termed as global economic geography. It mostly represents a conventional subfield of the discipline of natural features. On the other hand, various economists have approached the field in ways more distinctive of the regulation of economics. A variety of approaches has been adopted by global economic geography that mostly includes the location of industries as well as economics of linkages. Economists such as Paul Krugman as well as Jeffry Sachs have examined various traits related to global economic geography. As per the reports, between the year 1995 and 2007, the percentage of overseas residents increased to 12 percent from 2 percent in Spain. As a result, Spain went from being a sender to a recipient county. Spain received enormous migration inflows in the years prior to the Great Recession with an average of 1.4 percent of its total domestic populace. The migration inflows sustained during the first stage of the crisis at a rate of around 1.2 percent of the overall domestic population per year. As compared to this, the migration outflows were insignificant that increased to only 0.4 percent of the overall domestic population. The political response in terms of the labor market has been inadequate as well as unsuccessful. However, the major focus of the Spanish government was to stabilize the macroeconomic framework. Discussion The composition of the Spanish population mainly altered due to the significant changes of the immigration flows of the expansionary period. Most of the overseas population in Spain is mostly from other EU countries that includes Latin America and North Africa. The foreign population in Spain is younger as compared to the national population. The consequences of the Great Recession on the Spanish labor market have also been extraordinary. As per the reports, the rate of unemployment is much higher among the youth and the immigrant population. Given the elevated share of recent immigrants as well as the high rate of unemployment, it appears that Spain is in transition from enormous immigration to mass departure. [1] The case of Spanish migration mobility is exclusive mostly due to its magnitude and timing. Spain experienced one of the largest waves of migration in the history of Europe as compared to its population. During the year 2014, Spain received an increased migration inflow of 7.3 million as well as a net flow of 4.1 million. As a result, Spain was recorded as the second-largest recipient of immigrants in unconditional terms among OECD countries, the United States being the first largest. However, after the financial crisis, large number of outsiders leaving Spain increased rapidly. As a result, inflows became weaker, resulting in much lesser net flows. [2] Spain became a destination country for the immigrants that increased the migration inflows progressively. In the year 2015, the number of overseas residents increased sharply in Spain. The first attempt of Spain at immigration legislation was under the Socialist party government. However, migration outflows started to increase as the growth of GDP in Spain started to slow down. Since the year 2010, the total outflow in Spain was more than 400 thousand annually, both in relative as well as absolute terms. The high rate of migration outflow was due to the high mobility of the overseas nationals. As per the reports, during the year 2012 more than 50 per thousand of foreigners dwelling in Spain left the country. [3] Internal migration mobility is less costly as compared to international migration. The degree of inter-regional mobility in Spain was moderately low despite significant divergences in the rates of unemployment as well as wages. There are large flows of workers in Spain, moving from employment to unemployment that are not caused due to financial downturn. As per the reports, in the year 2015 there are more than 6.1 million individuals in Spain who are foreign-born. Out of these population, more than 4.5 million people did not opt for the citizenship in Spain. The population in Spain jumped to 47 million in the year 2010 due to the pronounced demographic shifts that were experienced in Europe. Due to migration mobility, the number of outsiders living in Spain augmented eightfold in just over a decade. There was absence of intolerant backlash both at the political level as well as at everyday life. [4] The migrants brought with food and music as well as their festivals. This in turn, added small amount of colors to Spain that had stayed unexpected homogenous for much of its current history. As a result, due to migration mobility the economy got transformed that in turn provided much of the labor and a fair bit of the demand that stimulated a decade long. The labor market in Spain is not able to cope with huge increase in various workers becoming unemployed. The economic recovery in Spain was backed by the sternness policies of the government. Despite a positive macroeconomic outlook, the labor market continues to represent the major structural problems in Spain. This in turn acts as a barrier that hinders inclusive as well as consistent socioeconomic development. The competitiveness of the economy in Spain deteriorated that in turn led to further decline of growth. This in turn led to increase in the rate of unemployment as well as the reaction of the Spanish government with a rang e of structural reforms. The structural reform on the one hand gave importance to agreements related to collective bargaining at the firm level over those ascertained at the sector. This in turn made it easier for the firms to take a back seat from a collective bargaining. On the other hand, the provision of the Employment Protection Legislation of Spain was significantly modified.[5] The labor market in Spain however lacks the absorption capacity that is required to translate GDP growth improvement into substantial improvement. The labor reform of the year 2012 introduced suppleness to a traditionally inflexible job market. Most of the young individuals are affected by complexities in accessing the labor market as compared to the total population groups. Spain has also become one of the key migration destination among the member states in the European Union. Migration mobility also had an imperative impact on the framework of the labor market in Spain as well as its economy. The migrant employees mostly occupied the jobs that were generated in Spain. As per the reports, the migrant population thus leading to the development of the economy generates 50 percent of the GDP in Spain. The major role that is played by the migrant population in Spain leads to substantial sectorial concentration. [6] The composition of the foreign populace in Spain has altered considerably. The largest immigration was mainly due to onward mobility that indicates the fact that leaving the country of destination in order to shift to a third country. Intra-mobility in Spain is regulated by migration in the EU. Directives, providing rights of entry as well as reside within the EU to certain categories of migrants. Such migrants mostly include long-term residents as well as highly qualified employees. With the increasing importance of the EU acquis, the policy procedures strengthen intra-EU mobility for specific groups. The migration mobility is also considered as a probable solution to imbalances in the rate of employment. [7] Most of the works pose as a challenge to the prototype of migration as an enduring as well as one-off movement that mostly focuses on return migration. The restricted research on onward migration has mostly concentrated on the influence of human capital as well as occupational status in this mobility. However, it is argued that onward migration acts as an unsuccessful solution to the problems related to socio-economic integration. Migration in Spain is not considered unconnectedly from economic as well as legal incorporation procedures. It has been argued by the migration theory that links to migrants overseas encourage individuals to shift by lessening the risks as well as costs. This in turn helps to increase the advantages related to migration. [8] Senegalese migration to Spain has its origin in the imposing relationship with France. During the colonial period some employees were employed temporarily in the administration of France with the help of blue-collar position. The information related to migration mobility is gathered with the help of MAFE survey that helps to provide longitudinal information on the migration network of the respondents. The studies highlights the instability of migration careers, both in terms of weakening circumstances in the European labor markets and of associated hardening of legal status of the migrants. It is imperative to mention the quest for a better life as the motive for activating secondary migration within Spain. [9] The three major challenges that are faced by the labor markets in Spain includes the reduction of youth unemployment, re-balancing the duality of the job market by enhancing the job security as well as resolving long-term unemployment. The major structural problem for the labor market is the youth unemployment rate. This in turn affected more than one million youth, who belonged to the age group of 16 and 24 years. The youth was mainly referred to as the lost generation. The major reason that led to youth unemployment was the outdated education system that led to high rate of academic failure in the schools. The education system in Spain is mostly polarized between a cadre of exceedingly trained youth as well as young individuals with negligible work experience. As per reports, only 32 percent of the individuals in Spain holds a degree from vocational training. There is also a requirement to enhance the dual training by underling the connection between the educational systems as well as trades. [10] There is also a need to re-balance duality in the job market with the help of strong segmentation. The structural and the cyclical problems related to the Spanish labor market are mostly highlighted with the help of strong segmentation. Job securities are mostly enjoyed by long-term contracted workers however; short-term contracted workers enjoy restricted social security as well as high seasonability. In the year 2014, the rate of temporary unemployment increased by 24.6 percent despite the labor reform that took place. This mostly comprised of the economic recovery together with the generation of jobs with long-term contracts. The duality of the labor market discloses a social divide that aggravates inequality as well as it puts at danger those who are working however; in a poverty situation. [11] Long-term unemployment is also considered as the structural problem that requires to be eradicated. Radically exaggerated by the severity and duration of the crisis, the percentage of the working population that is receiving long-term unemployment benefits is practically unaffected. Due to outdated training that is provided to the young individuals, the job opportunities also gets lessened as well as diminished. The labor market also has restricted capacity that provides fewer opportunities to those who are not able to get good training. The perseverance of long-term unemployment has a direct impact on both poverty as well as social elimination. Poverty mostly takes place when the rate of unemployment increases. The increase in long-term unemployment financial support objectives to alleviate the risk of poverty as well as entails the cost of opportunity. The high financial cost of the unemployment subsidy restricts the creation of active jobs. As a result, it generates tension betwee n risks of policies related to poverty prevention as well as those favoring active search of employment. [12] The geographies of work had a dual objective that mostly intends to make the economy of Spain more competitive. This is mostly possible by increasing suppleness of the labor market that helps to generate jobs. However, increasing suppleness was escorted by diminish in job security as well as lower salaries. The cost of firing employees gets reduced with the help of labor law reform. This in turn prioritizes company treaties in advance of collective bargaining treaties. Austerity policy as well as other structural reforms in the labor market had a negative influence on social justice. However, Spain has been able to reduce the rate of unemployment among the most vulnerable groups with the help of policies that geared to the entry of the groups as well as stabilization in the labor market. There are few structural reforms that require to be adopted by the Spanish economy. Spain also requires to link and mediate objectives that in turn attracts foreign direct investment as well as promo tes overseas trade to high-value added sectors. These sectors are permeable in displacing damaged jobs toward export-oriented industrial sectors as well as services. [13] Spain has been able to achieve major advances through a global impartiality policy as well as significant structural reforms. Spain had also assumed that structural reforms mostly concentrate making labor markets more self-motivated. Spain advanced a lot during the year 2013, however; the advancement was without the productivity growth. The migration mobility led to increase in the number of individuals coming into the country. However, the outflows of migrants are likely to have a negative impact on the economy. The major areas such as the housing market as well as the retail sales are also bounded to get affected due to migration outflows. [14] It has also been found that majority of individuals who are presently turning their back on Spain are mostly the migrants recurring to their home countries. It has also been found that most of the individuals dwelling in Spain are also departing from their countries in order to search for jobs in other stronger economies in Europe such as Britain, Switzerland as well as Germany. With their departure, torment amid warnings had sparked due to the fact that Spain is losing some of its brightest talent to overseas land. However, many economists views migration outflow as a relief as it helps to open a safety regulator. This is mostly because, the individuals who are leaving from the Spanish labor market are mostly those who are not able to find jobs. As a result, their departures are lifting the burden from the labor market in Spain. [15] Leaving Spain is likely to lead to bitter recognition, as their struggle to build a new life is likely to end in the future. The attempt of the middle class to secure a divergence between the domestic as well as public sphere clashed with the experiences of everyday life of labors. According to the hypothesis made by Krugman, it has been found that the higher is the degree og labor turnover, the lesser is the rate of unemployment across the countries. The rate of degree of cyclicality of appointing as well as firing rates differs largely in Spain. Interpreting Krugman hypothesis to a regional level, it has been found that high rates of unemployment are mostly active in those areas, where the degree of job searching is lower. On the other hand, areas of regional unemployment are mostly those areas where the procedure of job creation is boosting. [16] The political and the social prevalence of the Spanish capitalist class reinforced preceding religious as well as philosophical viewpoint that linked women with domesticity. The divisions between male and female spheres were strengthened with the help of the legal system. Geographies of labor market are mostly concerned with various geographies that include unemployment, incomes as well as employment. Over the past years, the geography of work has accomplished growing attention from both policy makers as well as academic analysts. The research into labor as well as labor markets has been increasing apace, in the economic geography. Most of the economists have also discovered geography in their theorization as well as investigation of the labor market. However, in the past the economists did not assign much importance to the geography of the labor market. [17] In Spain, the major focus is on the local and the regional labor markets however; it is not considered as a purely academic one. The geographies of labor have served to problematise the way by which individuals views the local labor market. It is argued that geography acts to balkanize the labor market, imparting strong as well as variable local barriers. As a result, the national labor market can be viewed as a spatial assortment of overlapping domestic markets. The domestic labor markets, on the demand side mostly trace out labor catchments. On the other hand, the domestic labor markets embrace the service fields as well as job search places of workers on the supply side. The more the labor supply get rid of of employers as well as the employment field of workers overlap as well as involve the similar set of individuals, the more self-sufficient domestic labor markets will be. Domestic labor markets are much more fluid as well as disperse than it is contingent from travel-to-work a reas. [18] There has been crisis of capitalism in Spain that led to massive debts that is accumulated in the banking system. The massive debts were also due to housing bubble that fuelled the previous development cycle. It is also mainly due to budget deficit that was accumulated due to financial crisis as well initial post security of the banks. During the boom period, Spain went through uninterrupted economic growth. The size distribution of the Spanish region is a critical factor. Spain is mostly viewed as a comparatively larger region that is not uniform in terms of economic performance. [19] In Spain, the research on creative industries is subjective. The leading approach is termed as the economics of culture. However, the policies for creative industries do not survive as such at the country level. Spain provides an ideal location for examining the relationship between corporatists planning as well as globalization. The arguments related to the termination of the national sovereignty in the global economy are overspent. The materialization and the consolidation of social bargaining were not prevented by the increase in foreign direct investment as well as exposure to trade and capital mobility. There were strong political incentives that were faced by the governments in Spain to mitigate. [20] The case related to the geographies of work in Spain confirms that the connection between changes in the global economic environment as well as the procedure related to domestic policy making relies on political as well as economic factors. Social deals emerged in Spain in a context that is marked by the self-governing transition as well as the financial crisis. The social actors in Spain were convinced by the intensity of the crisis. The process is mostly referred to as social concertation. The major objective of these agreement was to restrain wage demands in order to control inflation as well as foster the mending of trade profits. [21] The cooperation with transit countries such as Senegal, Morocco as Mauritina is the secret of the success of Spain. Conclusion It has been concluded that the major reason that led to youth unemployment was the outdated education system that led to high rate of academic failure in the schools. There are large flows of workers in Spain, moving from employment to unemployment that are not caused due to financial downturn. It has also been concluded that the costs of firing employees gets reduced with the help of labor law reform. It has been found that due to migration mobility, the number of outsiders living in Spain augmented eightfold in just over a decade. The increase in long-term unemployment financial support objectives to alleviate the risk of poverty as well as entails the cost of opportunity. Spain does not have the similar monopolistic as well as encompassing union that exists in other countries including Germany, Austria as well as Sweden. Spain is often referred to as the country with an in-between system of wage bargaining. It is found that most of the individuals dwelling in Spain are also depart ing from their countries in order to search for jobs in other stronger economies in Europe such as Britain and Switzerland. Bibliography Aceleanu, M.I., 2013. The labour market in the post-crisis economy: the case of Spain.Theoretical and Applied Economics,18(3), pp.135-146. Araujo, S.G. and Pedone, C., 2013. Migration policies and family life across the Atlantic. Latin American migrant families in Spain. InMigration and family. Theory, research and fields of action. VS-Verlag Wiesbaden. Bacaria, J., Coll, J.M. and Snchez-Montijano, E., 2015. The Labour Market in Spain: Problems, Challenges and Future Trends. Policy Brief# 2015/01. Bell, M., Charles?Edwards, E., Kupiszewska, D., Kupiszewski, M., Stillwell, J. and Zhu, Y., 2015. Internal migration data around the world: Assessing contemporary practice.Population, Space and Place,21(1), pp.1-17. Bentolila, S., Dolado, J.J. and Jimeno, J.F., 2012. Reforming an insider-outsider labor market: the Spanish experience. IZA Journal of European Labor Studies, 1(1), p.1. Clemente, J., Larramona, G. and Olmos, L., 2016. Interregional Migration and Thresholds: Evidence from Spain.Spatial Economic Analysis, pp.1-18. Connolly, H., Marino, S. and Lucio, M.M., 2014. Trade union renewal and the challenges of representation: Strategies towards migrant and ethnic minority workers in the Netherlands, Spain and the United Kingdom.European Journal of Industrial Relations, p.0959680113516848. Dolado, J.J., Jansen, M., Felgueroso, F., Fuentes, A. and Wlfl, A., 2013. Youth Labour Market Performance in Spain and its Determinants. Hall, P.A., 2014. Varieties of capitalism and the Euro crisis. West European Politics, 37(6), pp.1223-1243. Huete, R., Mantecn, A. and Estvez, J., 2013. Challenges in lifestyle migration research: Reflections and findings about the Spanish crisis.Mobilities,8(3), pp.331-348. Kieselbach, T., van Heeringen, K., La Rosa, M., Lemkow, L., Sokou, K. and Starrin, B. eds., 2013. Living on the edge: An empirical analysis on long-term youth unemployment and social exclusion in Europe (Vol. 11). Springer Science Business Media. McIlwaine, C. and Datta, K., 2014. Sustaining a global city at work: resilient geographies of a migrant division of labour. Sustainable London?: The future of a global city, p.111. Muntaner, C., 2016. Global precarious employment and health inequalities: working conditions, social class, or precariat?. Cadernos de Sade Pblica, 32(6). Royo, S., 2013. How did the Spanish financial system survive the first stage of the global crisis?. Governance, 26(4), pp.631-656. Sabater, A. and Massey, D.S., 2015. Contrasting patterns of migration and settlement. InDemographic Analysis of Latin American Immigrants in Spain(pp. 55-82). Springer International Publishing. Sacchi, S., 2015. Conditionality by other means: EU involvement in Italys structural reforms in the sovereign debt crisis. Comparative European Politics, 13(1), pp.77-92. Silvestre, J. and Reher, D.S., 2014. The Internal Migration of Immigrants: Differences between One?Time and Multiple Movers in Spain.Population, Space and Place,20(1), pp.50-65. Stanek, M., Hosnedlov, R. and Brey, E., 2016. Research on Ukrainian Migration to Spain: Moving Beyond the Exploratory Approach. InUkrainian Migration to the European Union(pp. 193-214). Springer International Publishing. Streeck, W., 2014. Taking Crisis Seriously: Capitalism on Its Way Out. Stato e mercato, 34(1), pp.45-68. Urbanos-Garrido, R.M. and Lopez-Valcarcel, B.G., 2015. The influence of the economic crisis on the association between unemployment and health: an empirical analysis for Spain. The European Journal of Health Economics, 16(2), pp.175-184. Vaughan-Whitehead, D. ed., 2013. Public sector shock: The impact of policy retrenchment in Europe. Edward Elgar Publishing.

Legislative Critique on Maritime Port and Security Act 2002

Introduction The legislative commission chair, Surface Transportation and Merchant Marine Subcommittee chairperson and Intelligence agency head backed Maritime Port and Security Act 2002. The Act incorporates the numerous national, state, confined and personal regulations enforcement bureaus managing the sanctuary of the global boundaries at America’s harbors.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Legislative Critique on Maritime Port and Security Act 2002 specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The statement permits additional defense detectives, extra testing paraphernalia, and the construction of key protection communications at seaports. The bill aims at keeping the American borders safe and assuring the business community of their security.  The governing body in charge of Commerce collectively accepted a prior report of the Port and Maritime Security Act on August 2, 2001, which paid attention on fel ony, freight robbery, and smuggling. Subsequent to 9/11, the statement was radically extended to tackle the latest danger of bombing at America’s docks. The Bush government sanctioned the fresh bill on 12/6, and the Senate endorsed it undisputedly on Dec. 20, 2001. The House of Representatives approved the statement on June 4, 2002. The convention accomplished its mission on November 12, and its findings fired to the Senate for deliberation. This essay examines the provisions of the bill and effects resulting from their application. The paper proceeds to examine the strengths and weaknesses while attempting to review the bill. Provisions of the Bill The law stipulates that the Secretary in charge of shipping will carry out an evaluation of every yacht and goods on or close to the sea to note those at danger of being engaged in a shipping safety event. A haulage safety event implies a precaution occasion ensuing from a major manslaughter, ecological harm, hauling structure dis traction, or financial disorder in a specific region. Formerly, the susceptible transportation is noted, and temporary defense procedures are espoused while the shoreline security will carry out exhaustive susceptibility evaluation of yachts and facilities. The bill gives room for creation of a countrywide Maritime Transportation defense arrangement, regional sea Transportation safety and shoreline security, which will be sufficient to discourage a shipping defense occurrence to the greatest degree (Arun, 2003). Regional strategies will besides be created to include emergency reaction to possible rebel harassment.  The bill sets up an endowment plan to create just and unbiased allotment to docks administration, harbors equipments to workers, as well as national and confined organizations to offer defense infrastructures and services.Advertising Looking for critical writing on homeland security? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It further sanctions funding for diverse categories of safety improvements including compensation for advances that are in conformity with centralized state and regional defense strategies that have been created since9/11, 2001. The bill sought to approve essential funds to facilitate compliance from beneficiaries as demanded by the centralized defense Act. The legislation calls upon the management to suggest financial support stages for seaport safety tactics and consents to yearly information in line with conformity to the defense order provided in the act. The act therefore empowers $90 million in studies and growth funding to be issued to build up techniques to augment the capacity of the U.S. Customs Service to examine goods in every ship. The research aims at coming up with apparatus for identifying nuclear equipments civilizing the labels and seals utilized in shipping such as stylish sensors for providing footpath to consignments and paraphernalia for reducing the chances of rebel attacks. The bill integrates a Coast Guard authorization bill, which happens to be the foremost seaside authorization bill that has been voted for by the Congress ever since 1998. The bill sanctions roughly $6 billion dollars for the Coast Guard’s entire financial plan for financial year 2003. This is around $1billion higher as compared to the total allocated in the Financial Year 2002 haulage appropriations bill, moreover it is just about $200 million higher than the $5.8 billion of entire endorsed sum in Financial Year 2002. The bill enlarges the utmost end-of-year vigor to 45,500 dynamic duty martial recruits, up and about from 35,500 comprising employee enticements.  The bill consents to $33 million for the expansion of defense teaching and for the edification and documentation of centralized, national, and personal defense staff. It authorizes the Secretary of shipping to build up a syllabus for teaching and values for the documentation of naval defense expert s.  The values are to be created through discussions with the centralized law providing teaching hub over and above defense and police organizations, personal groups, and those with freight and naval defense knowledge. This teaching may perhaps be offered at every state naval military institute, the United States commercial maritime college, the Appalachian shipping association, and other defense teaching institutions.  These training prospects could be offered to naval defense staff in the United States and to employees working in overseas harbors utilized by ships with United States people as travelers and team associates.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Legislative Critique on Maritime Port and Security Act 2002 specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The bill entails the enlargement of a naval aptitude structure to gather and evaluate data pertaining to ships operating in waters under the power of th e United States and the team, travelers and cargoes ferried. A naval intelligence organization will be projected to work jointly with other bureaus and to gather and examine data not accessible through other intelligence sources. Weaknesses of the Act Foreign Vessels There is no supreme authority controlling global shipping. MTSA demands the seaside security to account for oversees-flag ships occupying the U.S. harbors, exclusively those ships with shadowy ownership records, and to account for measures employed to address the lucidity of ship registration measures (section 112). Within December 2002, as indicated above, the IMO espoused rigorous global values for the protection of ships and harbors. The Congress is expected to scrutinize the usefulness of seaside security and global attempts at elevating the defense level of vessel workers. Critiques challenge that the latest IMO policies generally suggest the false impression of improved safety. They argue that states do not have t he resolution to implement these values and that the conformity to certification is easily maneuvered in order to look as legitimate workers. Whereas the United States insists on its values when the seaside security chooses incoming ships for entering, their trouble is bigger if there is no efficient global transport system that pre-screens inferior delivery. Roles and Responsibilities A key worry for U.S. strategists is handing over tasks and errands to naval defense among centralized organizations, among central, state, and confined organizations, and between administration bureaus and personal business. Patent tasks and errands are required to avoid reiteration, repetition of tasks, and contradictory rules. It is important that the naval operation society recognize that national organizations are working in concert, or else the DHS’s objective of a secure joint venture with private sector in combating terrorism may possibly be perturbed. Intelligence Sharing The obscurity of identifying terrorist action by the moment it penetrates the sea structure may perhaps point the importance of intelligence. The majority admits that there is presently excessively a lot consignment, coming from the entire world. To inspect every batch systematically might be time consuming.Advertising Looking for critical writing on homeland security? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Detecting terrorist actions probably needs actionable or accurate intelligence in discovering precisely the consignment to seize. The GAO intelligence, in exterior haulage, appropriate information distribution has been hindered by deficiency of typical procedure to swap information among national, state, and local administrative bureaus and clandestine units. On top of hurdles to more successful intelligence, distribution with confined docks authorities could be that state and local administration representatives do not have the vital defense approval. Funding Port Security In the minds of several people, the unanswered question over how to reimburse funds for docks precautions halts the attempts to develop port safety. The dispute is over whether seaport defense should be compensated for with funds from central government, by state and local governments, by the marine sector, or by a charge sharing agreement among every stakeholder. The seashore security approximately guesses the p rice of executing the new IMO defense policy and the protection requirements in MTSA to be around $1.5 billion for the foremost year and $7.3 billion over the subsequent decade. Congress has availed over $650 million in the course of 2005 financial year. Supporters for extra expenditure dispute that the centralized finances granted to docks administration are consequently insufficient, mainly when contrasted to airdromes. Critiques of extra expenditure disagree that taxpayers should not grant resources to huge and commercial conglomerates to defend infrastructure that is in their own monetary concern. Sources of Funds An argument over how to fund defense necessities cropped at some point in the consultation commission on MTSA. Senator Hollings projected the establishment a structure of client bill on ship consignment as a way of sourcing finances for docks safety improvement essential in the implementation. Other committee members differed with this suggestion, terming the client ch arge a levy. A number of policymakers challenge that without availing a financial support, the bill results to an unfulfilled command. Seaport administrators, marine haulers, and ship owners’ dispute that, docks safety is a national worry and thus the central government must fund it through common revenues (Krouse, 2004). Others disagree that the marine industry should fund docks defense through client charge since it is a direct receiver of better safety, as it cuts down consignment robbery and other financially viable costs.  Supporters of client charge challenge that customer surcharges are an efficient way of guaranteeing enhanced defense since they would offer an additionally safe and unsurprising source of money as opposed to yearly estimates. They suggest that a docks safety reliance account be established in a way that thwarts any efforts of the consumer charges from being exhausted on something other than docks safety. If such a seaport dependence account were form ed, they dispute, docks defense would not have to battle with other grant precedence in the yearly budget procedure. Various financial analysts assert that a customer charge arrangement is furthermore professional than straight financial assistance since the consumers of the service being offered, (in this case docks defense) are expected to claim that policymakers use the finances in the most prolific way. Strengths of the Bill Bureau of Customs and Border Protection In the midst of agendas CBP has instigated to respond to the terrorist risk are the Container refuge program and the Customs-Trade enterprise alongside terrorism. Container program is a progression of joint, mutual accords that, alongside other things, permit CBP staff at chosen overseas docks to pre-screen U.S.-bound cargo. Consecutively, it provides supervisors with records and time they require to pre-screen cargo. CBP gave out a fresh decree obliging that information regarding to an ocean consignment is sent out to CBP 24 hours prior to loading the consignment at an overseas docks onto a U.S.-bound ship. Formerly, marine haulers did not present this data until the vessel arrived at U.S. docks. CBP is furthermore demanding more inclusive and precise consignment information so that it can competently assess individual cargo batch for possibility of bombing.  Extra exhaustive information is anticipated to facilitate rapid non-intrusive scrutiny of sky-scraping peril cargos by reducing the figure of cargo assessor requirement for closer inspection. The justification for Container program is that a nuclear bludgeon or a radiological faulty explode that penetrates a U.S. seaport may perhaps be exploded prior to inspection (O’Rourke, 2006). Customs-Trade enterprise instigated in April 2002 allows importers to expedite dispensation of goods if they conform to CBP rules for protecting their total supply chain. Companies that adhere to the plan are expected, among other things, to carry out an inclusive evaluation of their delivery chain and surrender a fulfilled feedback form to CBP that illustrate their recent safety practices. If CBP confirm a candidate, they might gain from a condensed quantity of consignment examination, thus tumbling the possibility of consignment holdup. Transportation Security Administration The Transportation Security Administration in concurrence with CBP is carrying out the Operation Safe Commerce (OSC) direct plan. The aim of OSC is to validate the stuffing of containers at their place of packing, guarantee the substantial reliability of containers on shipment, and monitor their progress in the course of every form of transportation from source to ultimate end. Container monitoring is an important part of discussion about consignment safety. A range of stylish container handling procedures are being molded which will facilitate synchronized positioning of information and cargo meddling warning. The problem lies on coming up with a device that can endure the insensitive marine milieu, be comparatively economical, and consistent adequately so as not to elicit fake alarms (Loy Ross, 2002). TSA is furthermore experimenting with a Transportation Worker Identification Credential (TWIC) for staff in all approaches to haulage that will be utilized in managing admission to protected vicinities of consignment and commuter services. The organization has devised a marine Self-evaluating t threat component to support seaport terminal and yacht proprietors in increasing their safety tactics as mandated by MTSA. Conclusion The bill introduced in 2002 only modified the previous provisions by perfecting some chapters and doing away with some. The bill generally was meant to combat the emerging security threat on terrorism. By assessing its strengths and weaknesses, it is established that the Act has a long way to go before it terrorism threats at seaports are dealt with. Many amendments ought to be made so that the bill can operate glo bally. As it stands now, the Act is looked upon with numerous hostilities especially from the owners of vessels from Middle East. The business community is not left behind either, they claim that inspection is time consuming which can end up causing heavy losses to perishable goods. The bill has a side effect to economic development even though it strives to increase the safety at seaport. References Arun, C. (2003). An Overview of Security Issues Involving Marine Containers and Ports: proceedings of the Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting. Web. Krouse, W. (2004). Department of Homeland Security Consolidation of Border and Transportation Security Agencies. CRS Report RL31549. Web. Loy, J. Ross, G. (2002). Global Trade, America’s Achilles Heel, Defense Horizons. O’Rourke, R. (2006). Homeland Security: Coast Guard Operations — Background and Issues for Congress, CRS Report RS21125. Web. This critical writing on Legislative Critique on Maritime Port and Security Act 2002 was written and submitted by user Javon Rojas to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Drawing The Colorline essays

Drawing The Colorline essays Drawing the Color line by Howard Zinn gives light to some of the horrible truths of slavery, racism and early American History. The chapter from A Peoples history of the United States goes into detail on the slave trade, conditions of 17th century America, how and why slavery happened, and the many conflicts slavery brought about. Zinn first tells us how American was prone to getting into slavery because of the condition in the early 17th century. People were starving, and the settlers couldnt do enough work to feed even themselves. Zinn tells us that some were so starved in the winter that they dug up graves to eat the corpses(24). Also, many of the settlers werent used to working and didnt even know how. They didnt want to work, yet they wanted to eat and make money off of their new discovery of tobacco planting. They couldnt force Indians because the Indians were tough, resourceful, and at home in these woods (25). So, the early settlers got into the African slave trade. Zinn suggests that the colonists may have been so enraged that the Native Americans could so easily survive, even with little technology, that it made the colonist want to do anything just to keep up with them. Zinn explains that blacks were not the easiest of peoples to capture into slavery because they were 100 million strong, and the only thing that set them apart from whites was their lack of guns. Often times Africans were capturing other Africans for profit. They sometimes marched in shackles for 1,000 miles, 2 in 5 dieing, to be put in cages when they reached the coast. Choking in the stench of their own excrement(28) the slaves were shipped across the Atlantic, 1 in 3 dieing on the journey over, some jumping overboard to their death to escape further suffering. Although there were indentured white servant ...

Conjugation of Pedir, Servir, and Vestir

Conjugation of Pedir, Servir, and Vestir Pedir (to request), servir (to serve), and vestir (to dress or wear) are among the common Spanish verbs in whose conjugation the -e- in the stem sometimes changes to -i-. Other verbs that follow the pattern of pedir as shown below  include competir (to compete), despedir (to send off, among other meanings), impedir (to impede or prevent), medir (to measure), and repetir (to repeat). Irregular forms are shown below in boldface. Translations are given as a guide and in real life may vary with context. Infinitive of Pedir pedir (to request) Gerund of Pedir pidiendo (requesting) Participle of Pedir pedido (requested) Present Indicative of Pedir yo pido, tà º pides, usted/à ©l/ella pide, nosotros/as pedimos, vosotros/as pedà ­s, ustedes/ellos/ellas piden (I request, you request, he requests, etc.) Preterite of Pedir yo pedà ­, tà º pediste, usted/à ©l/ella pidià ³, nosotros/as pedimos, vosotros/as pedisteis, ustedes/ellos/ellas pidieron (I requested, you requested, she requested, etc.) Imperfect Indicative of Pedir yo pedà ­a, tà º pedà ­as, usted/à ©l/ella pedà ­a, nosotros/as pedà ­amos, vosotros/as pedà ­ais, ustedes/ellos/ellas pedà ­an (I used to request, you used to request, he used to request, etc.) Future Indicative of Pedir yo pedirà ©, tà º pedirs, usted/à ©l/ella pedir, nosotros/as pediremos, vosotros/as pedirà ©is, ustedes/ellos/ellas pedirn (I will request, you will request, he will request, etc.) Conditional of Pedir yo pedirà ­a, tà º pedirà ­as, usted/à ©l/ella pedirà ­a, nosotros/as pedirà ­amos, vosotros/as pedirà ­ais, ustedes/ellos/ellas pedirà ­an (I would request, you would request, she would request, etc.) Present Subjunctive of Pedir que yo pida, que tà º pidas, que usted/à ©l/ella pida, que nosotros/as pidamos, que vosotros/as pidis, que ustedes/ellos/ellas pidan (that I request, that you request, that she request, etc.) Imperfect Subjunctive of Pedir que yo pidiera (pidiese), que tà º pidieras (pidieses), que usted/à ©l/ella pidiera (pidiese), que nosotros/as pidià ©ramos (pidià ©semos), que vosotros/as pidierais (pidieseis), que ustedes/ellos/ellas pidieran (that I requested, that you requested, that he requested, etc.) Imperative of Pedir pide (tà º), no pidas (tà º), pida (usted), pidamos (nosotros/as), pedid (vosotros/as), no pidis (vosotros/as), pidan (ustedes) (request, dont request, request, lets request, etc.) Compound Tenses of Pedir The perfect tenses are made by using the appropriate form of haber and the past participle, pedido. The progressive tenses use estar with the gerund, pidiendo. Sample Sentences Showing Conjugation of Pedir and Similarly Conjugated Verbs No podemos retener a extranjeros que no quieren pedir asilo. (We cant keep holding foreigners who dont wish to ask for asylum. Infinitive.) Hay muchas veces en las que ella y su madre se han vestido igual. (There are many times in which she and her mother have dressed alike. Present perfect.) La ley no impide venta de alcohol cerca de las escuelas. (The law doesnt prevent alcohol sales near schools.  Present indicative.) Estoy satisfecho con estos resultados porque los muchachos compitieron en contra de los mejores del paà ­s. (Im satisfied with these results because the boys competed against the countrys best. Preterite.) Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial hubo enormes aviones que servà ­an como bombarderos, volaban sobre el enemigo. (During World War II there were huge airplanes that served as bombers, flying over the enemy. Imperfect.)  ¿Se repetir la historia? (Will history repeat itself? Future.) No vas a creer lo que estn vistiendo. (You wont believe what theyre wearing. Gerund.) Rodrà ­guez insistià ³ en que su partido pedirà ­a a los catalanes que votaran sà ­ a quedarse en Espaà ±a. (Rodrà ­guez insisted that his party would ask Catalonians to vote yes to remaining in Spain. Conditional.) Es violatorio de la Constitucià ³n que impidan el derecho a las protestas. (It violates the Constitution for them to impede the right to protest. Present subjunctive.) Quisiera unos padres que no midieran el tiempo al estar conmigo. (I wanted parents who wouldnt ration their time being with me. Imperfect subjunctive.) No pidas perdà ³n. (Dont ask for forgiveness. Imperative.)

Guest lecturer reports Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Guest lecturer reports - Essay Example By so doing, no one will be to blame upon failure of a particular technology. There are different views on the relationship between technology and society. Technological determinism argues on the basis of engineers devising a technology which is either rejected or adapted by the society. It sees technological development as inevitable and autonomous. Political determinism incorporates commercial imperatives and global capitalism while social constructivism relays the possibilities of innovation when technology is embedded in its social context. Engineers as societies have management thus self-regulated. They operate on the basis of division of labour and it is such management that aided in the launch of the Challenger Space Shuttle. Being the 2nd innovation in the space exploration, it completed nine successful missions before exploding in the 10th mission. Although it halted the passion for space missions, judgments on the cause of the explosion began. Political explanation linked t he explosion to low temperatures while engineers put blames on the management. The judgment was considered from scientific perspective where an analysis on the design of the space shuttle was made. It was finally discerned that Challenger explosion was due to failure of any joints that exist between the two lower sections of the right solid rocket motor [Rumerman, 2000]. Basically, there are technical problems that existed but engineers did not concentrate to it. Perhaps, joint rotation was a minor problem and was fixed by SRB O-rings. However, NASA and Morton Thiokol (MT) engineers do not reach a consensus on the O-ring problems. Tests are done to solve the conflicting ideas of the size of gap that affected the sealing capacity of the rings. NASA uses electrical instrument to measure rotation and concludes that joint rotation is a serious problem because SRB fails test. On the other hand, Morton Thiokol engineers prove that joint rotation is not a serious problem despite failure of SRB in the 8th cycle of the hydro burst test. The challenger launch decision is thus upheld to meet appropriate professional standards. Judgments should be made based on evidence relating to materials, environment and people. Considering this fact, they make sure that before implementing a particular technology, it is safe enough to be handled by people. Scientific ideas and principles may be complex and controversial if it differs from social judgment (National academics, 2013). Engineering judgments should provide pragmatic solutions. For instance, the rocket motor is designed with seals which work under conditions of temperature and pressure that exceed expected launch. This helps to create a scientific experience to bring back the thought that long halted the launch of space program until the facts of the dimensional problems were identified. In order to protect public welfare, engineers must be aware of the test designs to be applied in providing solutions (Lewis, & Richard, 1 988). The challenger launch decision therefore was based on a new recommendation which stated that low temperature was not a big problem notwithstanding facts that the prediction of the launch temperatures was outside NASA specifications. This follows acceptance of recommendations made by MT engineers and a decision to launch the space shuttle

Time Orientation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Time Orientation - Essay Example These three orientations, regardless of culture gender or educational background one has, are often experienced by everyone contrary to what is shown in the video where certain cultures are more inclined to a particular orientation. Perhaps there is a truth to that matter though but, the point is, people somehow come to some points in their lives where they experience the three orientations. In this paper, this writer’s personal assessment of his own past, present and future orientations will be discussed in detail along with the benefits and disadvantages of such orientations. When times are tough and there seems to be no hope for the future, I tend to think about the good times in my past. I think about the people who love and care for me and the events that I enjoyed as a younger person. This is perhaps because I feel like it is a way of escape from the difficulties I am going through. After a few moments, I often feel better and encouraged so that I challenge myself to fac e my present circumstances instead of run away from them or feel disappointed about things. This is an advantage one can have from reminiscing about the past. The joys of life experienced in the past become reminders that life is not always bad. Moreover, bad experiences can also serve as inspirations, showing that despite the bad times, one has overcome and is still surviving in the present despite the difficulties. Nevertheless, there are also disadvantages in dwelling in the memories of the past. For instance, in my experience, whenever I am reminded about the people who have hurt me, I feel angry and eventually, I do not feel so good. Hatred and unforgiveness build up in my mind and heart and I tend to waste my time thinking about how I could get even with them. Thinking so much about the present in the meantime also has its advantages and disadvantages. Whenever I observe other people who seem to have nothing to do but enjoy themselves, I get envious and think that I deserve su ch enjoyment as much as they do. Therefore, I seek to be with friends rather than stay at home and study. Watching movies and playing video games make me forget about my problems or any unpleasant situations so that I spend much time in front of the television or computer. These indeed give pleasure but they also are bound to make nothing out of a man because they are not productive. A good future is sacrificed for the little contentment of a man who dwells in the present. Surely, enjoyment is not only wonderful but is also important especially in this fast-paced and busy world because it relieves a person from stressful days. Nevertheless, staying too long in the present can lead to a failure to prepare for future needs. Being future oriented on the contrary can make a person’s life miserable than it ought to be. Personally, when I think about Mark Zuckerberg, Steve Jobs and Bill Gates, I tend to imagine myself being the next person to discover the next great creation in the world of computers, become famous and wealthy. This often leads me to dream and plan, think about what kind of house I want, imagine myself in the latest car model and give a beautiful woman the best wedding there can ever be. This leads me to demand too much from myself, sometimes forgetting to give myself a little pleasure. I become stingy not only to other people but also to myself whenever I dwell in my future orientation. However, it cannot be denied that this situation is good considering that there are

Internal combustion engine Essay Example for Free

Internal combustion engine Essay ?1. The seven suspects who may have contributed to the failure of GM’s EV1 program are: a. Customers (guilty) a. i. Consumers wanted a three hundred mile range and eighty-five mile per hour speed on their electric cars but this was not plausible when running off of a battery. a. ii. When customers compare cars they don’t care much about the environmental risks they only care about the price, the miles per gallon, and the mileage range. Customers had a difficult time seeing the difference between regular cars and electric cars so there was not enough demand. b. Battery Technology (not guilty). b. i. Batteries were too weak to make the car go as far as consumers were hoping so they bought the less expensive gasoline vehicles that could go the desired distance. c. Oil Companies (guilty) c. i. Oil companies got very involved with electric cars because if everyone were to switch to battery operated vehicles, there would no longer being a large demand for gasoline. d. Car Companies (guilty) d. i. The GM car didn’t seem to be catching on and there did not seem to see a profit in electric or hybrid cars so they didn’t see it as effective to keep manufacturing the car. e. Government (guilty) e. i. Government officials did not approve of the electric car so they did nothing to assist General Motors in selling it. e. ii. President Carter supported clean energy but President Nixon cared so little about clean energy he had the solar panels taken off the roof of the White House. f. C. A. R. B. California Air Resources Board (guilty). f. i. Lloyd was elected chairman of the board four months before they got rid of the electric car and he persisted to demolish it. g. Hydrogen Fuel Cells (guilty) g. i. Hydrogen Fuel Cells seemed more appealing to consumers because Shell stations could provide hydrogen. g. ii. Hydrogen Fuel Cells had General Motors beat because their cars could travel 100-125 miles per fill up while the EV could only travel about 75 miles. Also, hydrogen cars have about three to four times more energy than a car running on batteries. 2. The suspect I feel is most responsible is the consumers because they only look at the simple facts; they couldn’t care less whether or not their car is destroying the environment. Consumers only care about the price, mileage, and miles per gallon of a vehicle which all lacked on the EV because car companies saw it fair to lose a bit of the â€Å"basic car features† in order to improve the environment. 3. The nickel metal hydride battery enabled the GM EV1 to have a real world range of 250 km and the Chevrolet S10 achieved a range of 110 to 130 km with full charge and can usually last for years on end depending on how many times you have to recharge the full battery. Today, nickel metal hydride batteries are commonly used for cameras, camcorders, cell phones, pagers, medical instruments, etc. An interview published last year in the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists said that there was going to be a new approach to photovoltaic thin-film production that would allow factories to make enough solar panels in a year to produce at least one gigawatt of electricity annually—roughly the scale of a nuclear power plant—at the price of coal. The argument for thin-film solar panels is that thin-film solar can actually be cheaper than one dollar a watt, low price solar panels are opening up new markets (which could lead to a surge in demand), and the fastest, cheapest way to meet that demand could be building thin-film solar factories, since you can build those factories for a third as much as silicon solar panel factories. Although this seems beneficial, the main arguments against thin-film solar panels are the cost of everything else that goes into the final cost of solar power (including installation costs, which are now higher than the cost of panels themselves), you can save much more money if higher efficiency solar panels are put in because the company would have to buy less panels, and thin-film solar panels are actually less efficient than silicon ones. Because of the strong points of the argument, I do not think that putting in thin-film solar panels is worth the trouble when time and money could be saved with more efficient panels. 4. The goal of Plug in America is to get Americans to switch to a car that uses clean, affordable, domestic electricity for some or all of its energy. The best way to reduce carbon emissions is to utilize the ever cleaner, greener, more renewable grid to power transportation. Only grid-rechargeable cars can attain the end goal of zero-emissions and ensure fuel price stability. Plug in America works with General Motors, Nissan, and Mitsubishi all of which sell electric vehicles. The main Plug in America is based out of San Francisco, California. Around 2005, all of the major automakers planned to call back their leased electric vehicles (which were only available in California) and crush them. A group of drivers formed to stop them and wanted to buy the cars they had been driving. They were unsuccessful with the GM EV-1; this was the subject of the movie Who Killed The Electric Car. But GM did not crush the S-10 pickups, and the protestors saved half of the Toyota RAV4-EVs. Plug In America then kept up a continuous campaign to convince automakers that there is demand for electric vehicles, and that they should build them instead of crushing them. There are now several electric vehicles in the marketplace, and by the end of 2012 there will be dozens of models. Plug In America no longer needs to protest; instead they now consult with the automakers and offer training to auto dealers. 5. The newest electric cars are: a. The 2013 Smart fortwo electric car couple/convertible a. i. This car is available in select dealers across the country. a. ii. This car gets 122 miles per gallon equivalent (1 gallon of gasoline=33. 7 kW-hr) in cities and 93 miles per gallon equivalent on highways.a. iii. Over a five-year span, someone with a Smart fortwo electric car would save about $8,750 because the annual fuel cost is only $600. a. iv. The driving range of this car in is 68 miles. b. The 2013 Scion iQ EV b. i. There will be approximately 90 iQ EVs available for fleet and car-sharing applications at select dealers across the country. b. ii. This car gets 138 miles per gallon equivalent (1 gallon of gasoline=33. 7 kW-hr) in cities and 105 miles per gallon equivalent on highways. b. iii. Over a five-year span, someone with a Scion iQ EV would save about $9,250 because the annual fuel cost is only $500. b. iv. The driving range of this car in is 38 miles. c. The 2013 Honda Fit EV c. i. This car is available in California and parts of Oregon c. ii. This car gets 132 miles per gallon equivalent (1 gallon of gasoline=33. 7 kW-hr) in cities and 105 miles per gallon equivalent on highways. c. iii. Over a five-year span, someone with a Honda Fit EV would save about $9,250 because the annual fuel cost is only $500. c. iv. The driving range of this car in is 82 miles. d. The 2013 Fiat 500e d. i. At this time, this car is only available in California. d. ii. This car gets 122 miles per gallon equivalent (1 gallon of gasoline=33. 7 kW-hr) in cities and 108 miles per gallon equivalent on highways. d. iii. Over a five-year span, someone with a Fiat 500e would save about $9,250 because the annual fuel cost is only $500. d. iv. The driving range of this car in is 87 miles. Since the ranges of these electric cars are actually quite good, I would be able to drive an electric car in my daily life. On average, I don’t drive very far but for days I do I think I would need to have a gasoline powered car that can be refilled quickly and easily at a gas station. At night, I would just have to plug my car in so that it could be fully charged in the morning and it would be sufficient enough to get to school and work. 6. The arguments for and against electric cars are: a. One criticism of electric cars is that they often just replace one source of carbon pollution with another. Instead of a combustion engine that burns gasoline, you get a plug-in vehicle that depends on electricity from burning coal. All in all, electric cars still look pretty good in comparison, especially since they’re not burning any gasoline and putting additional carbon in the air, but it looks like it’s not, strictly speaking, true that â€Å"It takes more electricity to drive the average gasoline car 100 miles, than it does to drive an electric car 100 miles. † This probably explains why Nissan abandoned its sticker. The energy comparison still looks positive for electric cars, but the talking point isn’t nearly as neat and clean. b. In order to support large numbers of electric cars there will have to be an infrastructure built where these cars can be recharged. Although, even with charging stations, an electric car can take up to eight hours to fully charge and this is quite the inconvenience for people traveling. The idea of a â€Å"swop† has been presented where the driver gives in their used battery for a battery that is fully charged but doing this could cost the government a lot of money. c. Yes, the batteries that power electric cars (and hybrids, for that matter) can be recycled. For decades, lead-acid batteries powered the few electric vehicles that were on the road. The latest models, with their lighter weight and longer range, use lithium-ion batteries, just like laptops and cell phones. In either case, the batteries that power electric cars can be recycled. When the battery packs in a lithium-ion-powered vehicle are deemed too worn out for driving, they still have up to 80 percent of their charge left. So before they ever get to a recycling center, these batteries are used to prop up the grid, especially alongside energy sources that may not be quite as steady, like wind or solar power. The batteries can store power to help the flow of electricity stay on an even keel rather than ebb and flow with the weather. An electric car battery is costly, but can last as much as 100,000 miles. They usually come with a 10 year or mileage limit warranty. Sources: http://www. greenbatteries. com/nibafa. html#How%20many%20times http://www. pluginamerica. org/ http://www. fueleconomy. gov/feg/evnews. shtml http://www. wlv. ac. uk/default. aspx? page=31209 http://www. howstuffworks. com/can-electric-car-batteries-be-recycled. htm http://www. technologyreview. com/view/512746/dont-count-out-thin-film-solar/

Whitmans O Captain! My Captain! And Dickinsons Hope is a Thing with F

Whitman's "O Captain! My Captain!" And Dickinson's "Hope is a Thing with Feathers" America experienced profound changes during the mid 1800’s. New technologies and ideas helped the nation grow, while the Civil War ripped the nation apart. During this tumultuous period, two great American writers captured their ideas in poetry. Their poems give us insight into the time period, as well as universal insight about life. Although polar opposites in personality, Emily Dickinson and Walt Whitman created similar poetry. Dickinson’s â€Å"Hope is a Thing with Feathers† and Whitman’s â€Å"O Captain! My Captain!† share many qualities. "Hope is a Thing with Feathers† and â€Å"O Captain! My Captain!† contain a similar scansion. Both have a predominantly iambic meter. The unaccented beat followed by the accented beat creates a rising meter. Each poem also contains notable exceptions to the iambic meter. In "Hope is a Thing with Feathers,† the first line ‘Hope is the thing’ contains a trochee followed by an iamb. â€Å"O Captain! My Captain!† contains even more exceptions to the iambic meter. Line 5, ‘But O heart! heart! heart!’ consists of an imperfect root followed by two spondees, or feet with two equally accented syllables. Both Line 6 ‘O the bleeding drops of red’ and line 8 ‘Fallen cold and dead’ have trochaic meters with an imperfect root at the end. The remainder of the poem has an iambic meter until the last two lines: ‘Walk the deck my Captain lies, /Fallen cold and dead.’ The iambic meter... Whitman's O Captain! My Captain! And Dickinson's Hope is a Thing with F Whitman's "O Captain! My Captain!" And Dickinson's "Hope is a Thing with Feathers" America experienced profound changes during the mid 1800’s. New technologies and ideas helped the nation grow, while the Civil War ripped the nation apart. During this tumultuous period, two great American writers captured their ideas in poetry. Their poems give us insight into the time period, as well as universal insight about life. Although polar opposites in personality, Emily Dickinson and Walt Whitman created similar poetry. Dickinson’s â€Å"Hope is a Thing with Feathers† and Whitman’s â€Å"O Captain! My Captain!† share many qualities. "Hope is a Thing with Feathers† and â€Å"O Captain! My Captain!† contain a similar scansion. Both have a predominantly iambic meter. The unaccented beat followed by the accented beat creates a rising meter. Each poem also contains notable exceptions to the iambic meter. In "Hope is a Thing with Feathers,† the first line ‘Hope is the thing’ contains a trochee followed by an iamb. â€Å"O Captain! My Captain!† contains even more exceptions to the iambic meter. Line 5, ‘But O heart! heart! heart!’ consists of an imperfect root followed by two spondees, or feet with two equally accented syllables. Both Line 6 ‘O the bleeding drops of red’ and line 8 ‘Fallen cold and dead’ have trochaic meters with an imperfect root at the end. The remainder of the poem has an iambic meter until the last two lines: ‘Walk the deck my Captain lies, /Fallen cold and dead.’ The iambic meter...

Federalists vs Democrat Republicans

10/13/11 Federalists Vs. Democratic-Republicans Hearing about political parties, Washington was not too keen on the idea. Conversely, he was part of the uprising of the first two political parties. Federalists and Democratic-Republicans, previously named anti-federalists, were the two different political organizations. The first two parties to evolve were very different regarding beliefs of the common people, views of the government, their stances on the foreign policy, and ways to manage finances. Alexander Hamilton, a political mastermind, was the first leader of the Federalists.Like him self, the Federalist followers were wealthy land owning men who were powerful and held high jobs within the cities. They believed that industries of mercantilism and business were going to be significant contributors to the success of America’s future. Therefor Federalism was very popular in New England and the North part of the United States because of the popularity of â€Å"big businessà ¢â‚¬  in those areas. In fear of getting in the middle of a war with another country they did not want any ties with any other countries, but to trade with them. Hamilton and his followers also believed in a very strong central government.They wanted a secure executive branch and trusted it as the key for a strong nation. However, they followed the Constitution, but if they found the need to change anything, and it was necessary and proper and would benefit the nation, they were ok to make the change. The federalists were very strong supporters of the British. Hamilton felt that they should not get involved with the war between France and Great Britain, this however angered the French because without them, they believed, America would have lost the Revolutionary war. Thomas Jefferson led the Democratic-Republicans.This party’s followers were considerably less wealthy than the Federalists. Supporters came from the south and west where there were more of the farmers, small bus iness owners, and employees of the new nation. The beliefs of these people were very contrary to those of the Federalists. They followed the constitution very strictly and anything that was opposing the constitution the Central Government had no place on handling the issues. They felt that there should not be too much power placed on the federal government and that the legislature should hold more of the power.Their beliefs were that a strong Central Government would diminish the rights of the states and the people. This party saw the future of America flourishing under agriculture. They did not want the national bank as the Federalists did because it was not originally written in the Constitution. Also in contrast to the Federalists, the Democratic-Republicans did not like the British and wanted nothing to do with them. Between the two parties, consolidating the differences down to major dissimilarities, the Federalist Party is one I side with for some distinct reasons. A loose int erpretation of the Constitution is a major upside in my opinion.If America were to make no changes to the constitution we would be fixed in a system of roundabouts. The same problems would keep arising and there would be no way to change them while under strict interpretations. The last difference is the strong central government with a secure executive branch. The distinction of powers in the government insures separation of the powers and does not give positions concurring powers and rights. Although the representation of the lower totem-pole citizens is marginal, they can make changes based on the representation of the people because of the equalized powers of the government.

Life †Religion Essay

In my opinion, there is no specific meaning of life. There also is a part of me that thinks that life really doesn’t have a meaning at all. But, since I have to try to define life, I would have to say it’s a combination of things in your life that you are living for, or the purpose of you being on this earth. Everyone most likely has a different purpose for being alive. Whether it is family, school, or your career; those things have a lot of impact on your life and also decisions that you make throughout life. In our society, many families instill faith and morals early into their children’s lives by continuing traditions or practices of religious faith. The idea of faith and moral beliefs are instilled in a person by attending or participating in church activities and reading the Bible or other religious texts. When there is a sound moral foundation in a person’s life it may give them the motivation through faith to build a sound structure for their life or to achieve personal goals. Simply put, a person may believe through faith that it is possible to achieve an education, start a family, or to have a successful business or career because of their foundation in faith. The reason why I somewhat think that life really doesn’t have a meaning, is because no matter what anyone does or how well or righteous someone lives their life, in the end they still die. What happens after that? Nothing, you never come back nor will you have any recollection of what went on during your lifetime here on earth. A person can bust their behind in working doing good for the community and everything else and in the end you still end up in the same place as everyone else, good people or bad people, you die. Another reason why I believe life doesn’t have a meaning is because all of the people in this world have to suffer, they still go through pain, they have to watch loved ones die, they still have to go through heartache, and rough times. Being poor, homeless, and not having food for as single meal in the day. Where is the meaning in life when people have to wake up hungry or worry about where they will lay their head that night? I’d say there is none when you look at it from that perspective. In my opinion, the meaning of life is too complex for the human brain to comprehend. People tend to say that they know what the meaning of life is, but who really knows the answer. There are various opinions and schools of thought, however, most people can never and will never reach a clear understanding of what the meaning of life is. If there is meaning in life at all, then there must be meaning in suffering. †? Viktor E. Frankl. Frankl could not have said this quote any better, most people can say that they have found meaning in their life but at the same time, there are some people wondering if the only reason they are on this earth is to suffer on a daily basis throughout their entire lives.

Top 5 Websites for Your Job Search Over the Holidays

Top 5 Websites for Your Job Search Over the Holidays Most job seekers conduct their search by applying for positions posted on various job search websites. They might look on LinkedIn, monster, indeed, or one of many industry-specific sites and identify appropriate jobs. While this tactic is an essential part of every job search, and while some people find jobs this way, the competition is enormous. If you saw the job online, so did hundreds or thousands of other qualified candidates who are also throwing their hat in the ring. For many, a more fruitful job search strategy is to identify companies where you want to work, then approach them regarding what you have to offer. This â€Å"hidden job search† strategy has been effective for thousands of professionals who have created their dream job. To conduct a â€Å"hidden job search,† the first step is to create a list of target companies. This practice, which requires a lot of research, allows you to take control of your search instead of letting the internet dictate what jobs you apply for. The next step is to identify the people you are connected with at those companies and to contact them to start conversations. The holidays are a perfect time to do some valuable research on what companies you might want to work for. Here are my 5 top recommended websites for your job search over the holidays: 1.   LinkedIn.com. LinkedIn is probably the best site for discovering your connections at any company. First, search for companies using the search bar and dropping down to Companies. Type in your keywords or the company name to get a list of companies that fit your target. Once you choose a company you want to research, go to the company page where you will be informed of â€Å"How You’re Connected† to the people at that company. For instance, when I go to the Dell page, I am informed that I have 5 first-degree connections (including the Talent Acquisition Senior Advisor in Phoenix) and 4,406 second-degree connections there. If I wanted to know what it’s like to work at Dell, I’d have quite a few people to reach out to!   On the company page for most mid- to large-sized companies, you can look at the Careers tab to find out what jobs are available there. And if you want to get the company’s news, click on Follow to get their updates.   Challenge: There is no â€Å"Advanced Search† available for Companies, so you are not able to search based on location or other more refined terms. 2.   CareerCloud.com. This site collects news articles (newspaper headlines, online media, and press releases) that indicate company expansion and restructuring. In other words, it saves you the work of doing a google search to find out what jobs might be opening up in your industry. From the home page, click on the Hidden Jobs app and you will be able to choose any U.S. state to see who’s hiring in that state. Then click on â€Å"view source† to read the news. It’s free! Challenge: No ability to search by city, only state; and you don’t know what level of position might be available until you read the source material. 3.   Manta.com. From the bottom section of Manta’s home page, you can search for both U.S. and   non-U.S. companies by either industry or location. You can then filter your results by Company Revenue, Number of Employees, Type of Ownership (Public or Private), and Location Type (Headquarters, Branch or Single Location). Within any given industry, you can browse by location as well. You will get the company’s website and snail mail address and you’ll have the option to â€Å"Follow company† (an option that requires you to set up a free account). Challenge: Although manta is a great tool for research, I don’t see the value of building a network here if you have a robust LinkedIn network. Without a network, you won’t find a lot of information about people who work at any given company. 4.   ZoomInfo.com. From ZoomInfo’s home page, scroll down to the section that says â€Å"Browse ZoomInfo’s company directory†¦Ã¢â‚¬  You can search in the US or Canada for companies by industry and then by city. You can then click on any of the search results to found out a company’s address, web address, revenue and number of employees; look a bit further to discover title and contact information of key employees. With a free profile (Community Edition), you can view up to 80 contacts per month. Challenge: Some of the information on this site is out of date. Links to companies often do not work. Also, the initial list of companies is merely alphabetical and does not have any filtering options, so you may find yourself clicking on company names rather blindly. 5.   Glassdoor.com. If you’re looking for inside information on any company, this is the site for you. Click on the Companies tab, enter the name of a company and its location, and you’ll get an overall company rating by company employees, a list of salary ranges for various positions (a magic bullet for that dreaded â€Å"Salary Requirements† question!), reviews by employees including pros, cons, advice to senior management, and whether the person would recommend the company to a friend, and information about the company’s interview process and questions. For full functionality, you’ll need to create an account. I’d say it’s worth it for the interview and salary information alone! The site also has job listings. Challenge: The site is more integrated with Facebook than LinkedIn so you might not be able to find your professional connections at a company without logging in separately to LinkedIn. Also, it’s hard to tell whether information provided by company employees could be skewed. Using a combination of all these resources for your research will give you a remarkable amount of information and will put you worlds beyond the average job seeker in terms of your confidence and preparedness in your job search. Isn’t getting this kind of ammunition worth spending a bit of time during the holidays? Please let me know what sites you’ve found the most useful for your job search research. And have a wonderful holiday! Category:Job SearchBy Brenda BernsteinDecember 23, 2013

History of San Juan, The Capital of Puerto Rico

History of San Juan, The Capital of Puerto Rico The capital of Puerto Rico, San Juan ranks high on the list of most historic cities in the New World, with early explorers establishing a settlement there 15 years after  Columbus’s monumental first voyage. The city has been the scene of many historic events, from naval battles to pirate attacks. Modern San Juan, now a top Caribbean tourism destination, embraces its long and fascinating history. Early Settlement The first settlement on the island of Puerto Rico was Caparra, founded in 1508 by Juan Ponce de Leà ³n, a Spanish explorer and conquistador best remembered for his quixotic quest to find the Fountain of Youth in 16th-century Florida. Caparra was deemed unsuitable for a long-term settlement, however, and the residents soon moved to an island a short distance to the east, to the present site of Old San Juan. Rise to Importance The new city of San Juan Batista de Puerto Rico quickly became famous for its good location and port, and it rose to importance in the colonial administration. Alonso Manso, the first  bishop  to arrive in the Americas, became bishop of Puerto Rico in 1511. San Juan became the first ecclesiastical headquarters for the New World  and served as the first base for the Inquisition as well. By 1530, barely 20 years after its founding, the city supported a university, a hospital, and a library. Piracy San Juan quickly came to the attention of Spain’s rivals in Europe. The first attack on the island took place in 1528, when the French razed several outlying settlements, leaving only San Juan intact. Spanish troops started building San Felipe del Morro, a formidable castle, in 1539.  Sir Francis Drake and his men attacked the island in 1595 but were held off. In 1598, however, George Clifford and his force of English privateers managed to capture the island, remaining for several months before illness and local resistance drove them away. That was the only time El Morro castle was ever captured by an invading force. The 17th and 18th Centuries San Juan declined somewhat after its initial importance, as wealthier cities such as Lima and Mexico City thrived under the colonial administration. It continued to serve as a strategic military location and port, however, and the island produced significant sugarcane and ginger crops. It also became known for breeding fine horses, prized by Spanish conquistadors campaigning on the mainland. Dutch pirates attacked in 1625, capturing the city but not the fort. In 1797, a British fleet of approximately 60 ships attempted to take San Juan but failed in what is known on the island as â€Å"The Battle of San Juan.† The 19th Century Puerto Rico, as a small and relatively conservative Spanish colony, did not participate in the independence movements of the early 19th century. As the armies of Simon Bolà ­var and Jose de San Martà ­n swept across South America liberating new nations, royalist refugees loyal to the Spanish crown flocked to Puerto Rico. Liberalization of some Spanish policies – such as granting freedom of religion in the colony in 1870, encouraged immigration from other parts of the world, and Spain held onto Puerto Rico until 1898. The Spanish-American War The city of San Juan played a minor role in the Spanish-American War, which broke out in early 1898. The Spanish had fortified San Juan but did not anticipate the American tactic of landing troops at the western end of the island. Because many Puerto Ricans did not oppose a change of administration, the island basically surrendered after a few skirmishes. Puerto Rico was ceded to the Americans under the terms of the Treaty of Paris, which ended the Spanish-American War. Although San Juan had been bombarded for a time by American warships, the city suffered relatively little damage during the conflict. The 20th Century The first few decades under American rule were mixed for the city. Although some industry developed, a series of hurricanes and the Great Depression had a profound effect on the economy of the city and the island in general. The grim economic situation led to a small but determined independence movement and a great deal of emigration from the island. Most emigrants from Puerto Rico in the 1940s and 1950s went to New York City in search of better jobs; its still home to a great many citizens of Puerto Rican descent. The U.S. Army moved out of El Morro Castle in 1961. San Juan Today Today, San Juan takes its place among the Caribbeans top tourism destinations. Old San Juan has been extensively renovated, and sights like the El Morro castle draw large crowds. Americans looking for a Caribbean vacation like to travel to San Juan because they don’t need a passport to go there: it is American soil. In 1983 the old city defenses, including the castle, were declared a World Heritage Site. The old section of the city is home to many museums, reconstructed colonial-era buildings, churches, convents, and more. There are excellent beaches close to the city, and the El Condado neighborhood is home to top-notch resorts. Tourists can reach several areas of interest within a couple of hours from San Juan, including rainforests, a cave complex, and many more beaches. It is the official home port of many major cruise ships as well. San Juan is also one of the most important ports in the Caribbean and has facilities for oil refining, sugar processing, brewing, pharmaceuticals, and more. Naturally, Puerto Rico is well-known for its rum, much of which is produced in San Juan.

Managing Financial Risks With Derivatives Thesis

Managing Financial Risks With Derivatives - Thesis Example According to the research findings in the current business environment markets have become increasingly global. Global data is increasing very fast with the establishment of a number of multinational companies. Although financial risk has increased significantly in recent years; risk and risk management are not contemporary issues. The result of increasingly global markets is that risk may originate with events thousands of miles away that have nothing to do with the domestic market. Quick changes in market reactions can be expected with availability of instantaneous information. The economic climate and markets can be affected very quickly through changes in exchange rates, interest rates, and commodity prices. Counter- parties can rapidly become problematic. As a result, it is important to ensure that financial risks are identified and managed appropriately. Preparation is the key component of risk management. Derivative is the widely used strategy adopted for risk management. It t ends to avoid or minimize risk occurrences faced by the institutions. Usage of proper derivative instruments provides advantages of cheaper foreign exchange, cheaper interest rate and an opportunity to sell shares at flexible prices. Derivative instruments tend to transfer risk from the user to the providers. It is traded widely among financial institution and exchanges. Derivatives play a fundamental part an important role in the risk management of equity, bonds, or short term interest rates. Use of derivative instruments like futures, forward, hedging, and swaps comes into play for effective control of financial risks (grammar mistakes in this sentence). Derivative instruments like futures, forward, hedging and swap can be used effectively to control financial risks. Many The various financial risk (sense) Many risk elements that exist in the market are like credit risk which arises from the potential that an obligor is either unwilling to perform on an obligation or its ability t o perform such obligation is impaired resulting in economic loss to the bank. Besides market risk is the risk that the value of on and off-balance sheet positions of a financial institution will be adversely affected by movements in market rates or prices such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates, equity prices, credit spreads and/or commodity prices resulting in a loss to earnings and capital. liquidity risk is the potential for loss to an institution arising from either its inability to meet its obligations or to fund increases in assets as they fall due without incurring unacceptable cost or lose operational risks " is the risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, people and system or from external events " (Risk Management Guidelines for commercial Banks &